NAD⁺ restores memory in Alzheimer’s disease
A study published in Science Advances fpund “Preliminary studies have shown that supplementation with NAD⁺ precursors, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) or nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), can offer therapeutic benefits in AD animal models and early clinical trials…maintaining NAD⁺ levels could help preserve neuronal identity and delay cognitive decline.” https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady9811
Dr. Reinhardt: Life Extension Foundation has a good analysis and references to support NR supplementation. Review at https://www.lifeextension.com/wellness/supplements/nmn-vs-nr. The best”bang for the buck” on Amazon can be found at https://amzn.to/4nZj9Qw.
Anxiety disorders tied to low levels of choline in the brain
The study, published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, analyzed data from 25 studies, found the level of choline was about 8% lower in those with anxiety disorders. “Someone with an anxiety disorder might want to look at their diet and see whether they are getting the recommended daily amount of choline. Previous research has shown that most people in the U.S., including children, don’t get the recommended daily amount,” Maddock said. “Some forms of omega-3 fatty acids, like those found in salmon, may be especially good sources for supplying choline to the brain.” https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03206-7
Dr. Reinhardt: Choline is used in the brain to make acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation, attention, and the stress response, and it’s also essential for building healthy cell membranes. Low brain choline may impair acetylcholine signaling, which can worsen anxiety and stress reactivity. The effect of boosting acetylcholine are similar to the calming effects of nicotine, which binds to the same receptors. Supplements that boost choline availability include citicoline (CDP-choline), alpha-GPC, and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), all of which raise brain choline levels and acetylcholine production. The best”bang for the buck” choline supplement on Amazon can be found at https://amzn.to/4r2iuk8.